QUESTIONS 1-10
Just
as optical fibers have transformed communication, they are also revolutionizing
medicine. These ultra-thin, flexible fibers have opened a window into the living tissues of the body. By
inserting optical fibers through natural opening or small incisions and
threading them along the bocy’s established pathways, physicians can look into
the lungs, intestines, heart, and other areas that were formerly inaccessible to them.
The
basic fiber-optics system is called a fiberscope, which consists of two bundles
of fibers. One, the illuminating bundle, carries light to the tissues. It is
coupled to a high-intensity light source. Light enters the cores of the high-purity silicon glass and travels along the
fibers. A lens at the end of the bundle collects the light and focuses it into
the other bundle, the imaging bundle. Each fiber in the bundle transmits only a
tiny fraction of the total image. The reconstructed image can be viewed through
an eyepiece or displayed on a television screen. During the last five years,
improved methods of fabricating optical fibers have led to a reduction in
fiberscope diameter and an increase in the number of fibers, which in turn has
increased resolution.
Optical
fibers can also be used to deliver laser light. By use of laser beams,
physicians can perform surgery inside the body, sometimes eliminating the need
for invasive procedures in which healthy tissue must be cut through to reach
the site of disease. Many of these procedures do not require anaesthesia and can
be performed in physician’s office. These techniques have reduced the risk and
the cost of medical care.
1.
What is the main subject of the passage?
a)
A revolution in communication
b)
The invention of optical fibers
c)
New surgical techniques
d)
The role of optical fibers in medicine
2.
In line 2, the author uses the expression have opened a window to indicate that
the use of optical fibers
a)
has enabled sscientists to make amazing
discoveries
b)
sometimes requires a surgical incision
c)
allows doctors to see inside the body without
major surgery
d)
has been unknown to the general public until
quite recently
3.
Which
of the following is closest in meaning to the word formerly in line 5?
a)
Previously
b)
Completely
c)
Usually
d)
Theoretically
4.
The word them
in line 5 refers to the
a)
optical fibers
b)
pathways
c)
other areas of the body
d)
physicians
5.
According to the passage, what is the purpose
of the illuminating bundle in a fiberscope?
a)
To carry light into the body
b)
To collect and focus light
c)
To reconstruct images
d)
To perform surgery inside the body
6.
Which of the following is closest in meaning to
the word cores in line 8?
a)
Tips
b)
Centers
c)
Clusters
d)
Lines
7.
According to the passage, how do the fiberscopes
used today differ from those used five years ago?
a)
They use brighter lights
b)
They are longer
c)
They contain more fibers
d)
They are larger in diameter
8.
The word resolution
in the passage is closest in meaning to which of the following?
a)
Strength
b)
Sharpness
c)
Inconvenience
d)
Efficiency
9.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned by
the author as one of the advantages of laser surgery techniques?
a)
They can be performed in a physician’s office
b)
They are safer than conventional surgery
c)
They can often be performed without
anaesthesia
d)
They are relatively easy to teach to
physicians.
10. Where
in the passage does the author provide a basic description of a fiberscope?
a)
Lines 1-2
b)
Lines 6-7
c)
Lines 12-13
d)
Lines 17
ANSWER KEY
1.
D
The passage deals with the medical uses of
optical fibers
2.
C
The passage states that optical fibers “have
opened a window into the living tissues of the body” and that with the use of this technology “physicians
can look into the lungs, intestines, heart, and other areas that were formerly
inaccessible”
3.
A
Formerly
means previously
4.
D
The reference is to the physicians
5.
A
According to the passage “the illuminating
bundle, carries light to the tissues”
6.
B
The word cores
is closest in meaning to centers
7.
C
Lines 14-16 state that “during the last five
years, improved methods of fabricating optical fibers have led to ….. an
increase in the number of fibers.”
8.
B
In the context of the passage, resolution means sharpness (the sharpness of the image)
9.
D
Whether fiber-optics techniques are easy to
teach to doctors is not mentioned. Choices (A), (B), and (C) are all mentioned
in the last paragraph
10. B
A basic description of the fiberscope – “(it)
consists of two bundles of fibers”- is provided in lines 7-8
