Questions
31-41
In
addition to the great ridges and volcanic chains, the oceans conceal another form of undersea
mountains: the strange guyot, or flat-topped seamount. No marine geologist even
suspected the existence of these isolated mountains until they were discovered
by geologist Harry H. Hess in 1946. He was serving at the time as a naval
officer on a ship equipped with a fathometer. Hess named these truncated peaks
for the nineteenth – century Swiss – born geologist Arnold Guyot, who had
served on the faculty of Princeton University for thirty years. Since then,
hundreds of Guyots have been discovered in every ocean but the Arctic. Like
offshore canyons, guyots presents a challenge to oceanographic theory. They are
believed to be extinct volcanoes. Their flat tops indicate that they once stood
above or just below the surface, where the action of waves levelled off their
peaks. Yet, today, by definition, their summit are at least 600 feet below the surface,
and some are as deep as 8,200 feet. Most lie between 3.200 feet and 6,500 feet.
Their tops are not really flat but slope upward to a low pinnacle at the
center. Dredging from the tops of guyots has recovered basalt and coral rubble, and that would be expected from
the eroded tops of what were once islands. Some of this material is over 80
million years old. Geologists think the drawning of the guyots involved two
processes; The great weight of the volcanic mountains depressed the sea floor
beneath them, and the level of the sea rose a number of times, especially when
the last Ice Age ended some 8,000 to 11,000 years ago.
1.
What
is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage?
a)
To
trace the career of Arnold Guyot
b)
To
describe one feature of the undersea world
c)
To
present the results of recent geologic research
d)
To
discuss underwater ridges and volcano chains
2.
The
word conceal in line 1 is closest in
meaning to which of the following?
a)
Contain
b)
Erode
c)
Hide
d)
Create
3.
The
passage implies that Guyots were first detected by means of?
a)
a
fathometer
b)
computer
analysis
c)
a
deep-sea diving expedition
d)
research
submarines
4.
The
author indicates that Arnold Guyot
a)
was
Harry Hess’s instructor
b)
invented
the fathometer
c)
named
the guyot after himself
d)
taught
at Princeton University
5.
What
does the passage say about the Arctic Ocean?
a)
The
first guyot was discovered there.
b)
No
guyots have ever been found there.
c)
There
are more guyots there than in any other ocean.
d)
It
is impossible that guyots were ever formed there.
6.
The
author states that offshore canyons and guyots have which of the following
characteristics in common?
a)
Both
are found on the ocean floor near continental shelves.
b)
Both
present oceanographers with a mystery.
c)
Both
were formed by volcanic activity.
d)
Both
were, at one time, above the surface of the sea.
7.
According
to the passage, most guyots are found at a depth of
a)
less
than 600 feet.
b)
between
600 and 3,200 feet.
c)
between
3,200 and 6.500 feet.
d)
More
than 8,200 feet.
8.
Which
of the following is closest in meaning to the word rubble in the passage above?
a)
Fragments
b)
Mixture
c)
Columns
d)
Core
9.
Which
of the following is the best depiction of the top of guyot?
10
According
to the passage, which of the following two processes were involved in the
submersion of guyots?
a)
Erosion
and volcanic activity
b)
Thhe
sinking of the sea floor and the rising sea level
c)
Mountain
building and the action of ocean currents
d)
High
tides and earthquakes
11. According
to the passage, when did sea level significantly rise?
a)
In
1946
b)
In
the nineteenth century
c)
From
8,000 to 11,000 years ago
d)
80
Million years ago
ANSWER KEY
1.
B
The
passage mainly deals with guyots – one feature of the undersea world.
2.
C
The
word conceal means hide, obscure
3.
A
According
to lines 5-6, Harry H. Hess discovered guyots while serving “on a ship equipped
with a fathometer,” implying that this device was used in the discovery
4.
D
Lines
6-7 state that Guyot “served on the faculty of Princeton University for thirty
years.”
5.
B
Lines
8-9 state that Guyots “have been discovered in every ocean but the Arctic.”
6.
B
According
to the lines 9-10, “like offshore canyons, guyots present a challenge to
oceanographic theory.” Guyots are not necessarily found near continental
shelves (A); there is no evidence that offshore canyons are of volcanic origin
(C) or that they were ever above the surface of the sea (D)
7.
C
Line
14 states that “most lie between 3,200 feet and 6,500 feet”
8.
A
Rubble
is rough, broken fragments (pieces) of stone or other material
9.
B
According
to lines 14-15, “their tops are not really flat but slope upward to a low pinnacle
at the center.” Choice (B) best depicts this description.
10.
B
According
to the passage, the two processes were the depression of the sea floor beneath
the volcanoes and rising level of the sea (lines 19-21)
11.
C
Lines 21-22
indicate that the sea level rose “especially when the last Ice Age ended, some
8,000 to 11,000 years ago.”
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