READING (27) BUILDING SKILLS CAMBRIDGE PREPARATION FOR THE TOEFL® IBT TEST

 

CAMBRIDGE PREPARATION FOR THE TOEFL® IBT TEST BUILDING SKILLS READING (27)

 

EXERCISE R14 Choosing the restatement of highlighted sentences in Paragraphs Read each passage. Then choose the letter of the sentence that best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence. Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. 1 Tree tings have long been used to determine the ages of trees and to gauge past climatic conditions. New evidence adds considerable weight to the theory that tree rings also record earthquakes. The rings reflect the effects of earthquakes, such as tilting, the disruption of root systems, and breakage, as well as shifts in environments. Older trees and petrified trees may give information about earthquakes that took place hundreds and even thousands of years ago. A The effects of earthquakes on trees can be seen in tree rings. B Earthquakes cause a lot of damage to trees in the environment. C The effects of earthquakes are tilting, disruption of root systems, breakage, and shifts in environments. D Tilting, disruption of root systems, breakage, and shifts in environments are examples of how an earthquake affects trees. 2 Yuzen dyeing is a Japanese art that produces a lavish, multicolored type of Kimono design that dates from the seventeenth century. First, a pattern is sketched on a kimono of plain, undyed silk. The garment is then taken apart and the design carefully painted onto the fabric with a paste that prevents the fabric from absorbing dye. Next, dyes are brushed over the silk, their colors penetrating only the untreated areas. After the paste is rinsed out, the strips of silk are again sewed into the kimono. Elaborate embroidery often completes the decoration. A The paste keeps the unstitched garment together while the fabric is absorbing the colors. B The dye is prevented from being absorbed into the fabric pieces by the paste that covers the design. C The design is painted onto the pieces of garment with a paste that keeps the dye from destroying the design. D The design is painted onto the fabric in places where the paste does not prevent the paint being absorbed by the garment.

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