GRAMMAR REVIEW: NOUN, ADJECTIVE, AND ADVERB CLAUSES (1) BUILDING SUPPORTING SKILLS CAMBRIDGE PREPARATION FOR THE TOEFL® IBT TEST

 

CAMBRIDGE PREPARATION FOR THE TOEFL® IBT TEST BUILDING SUPPORTING SKILLS GRAMMAR REVIEW: NOUN, ADJECTIVE, AND ADVERB CLAUSES (1)

 

There are three kinds of dependent clauses: noun clauses, adjective clauses and adverb clauses. Information about their structure and function is presented below. Noun clauses Noun clauses are dependent clauses that are introduced by a noun clause marker. Like all dependent clauses, they have a subject and a verb but are not complete sentences. Noun clauses can be used in exactly the same way as nouns. Compare the following nouns and noun clauses: The chart below lists noun clause markers that can introduce noun clauses, with examples. Noun clause marker Example *when used as clause markers, if and whether are interchangeable. The noun clause marker that can be left out if the noun clause is the object of the sentence. That cannot be left out if the noun clause is the subject of the sentence: If a noun clause is used in the subject position, thee must be a verb in the independent clause: If a noun clause is used in the object position, there must be a subject and a verb in the independent clause: Verb tenses in noun clauses The verb tense used in a noun clause must make sense with the verb tense of the independent clause: