3. PARTS OF THE BODY 2 (PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH IN USE MEDICINE)

PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH IN USE MEDICINE

3. PARTS OF THE BODY 2

A. The abdomen The main organs of the body have ordinary English names and doctors use these words. But when an adjective is needed they often use an anatomical word. For example, we can say disease of the liver or hepatic disease. Some abdominal organs, for example the pancreas, have no ordinary name.   When doctors talk about the main parts of the digestive system, they use the words bowel or intestine; the small intestine or the small bowel, the large intestine or the large bowel. When speaking to patients, doctors may refer to the anus and rectum as the back passage.

B. The chest The chest (thorax) contains the organs of respiration and the heart. The main parts of the respiratory system are the airways and the lungs. The left lung is divided into two lobes, and the right into three. The airways consist of the larynx, the trachea (or windpipe), the right and left bronchus, and the bronchioles. The chest is separated from the abdomen by the diaphragm.

C. The pelvis  A doctor is explaining the function of the bladder to a patient. The bladder is situated in the perlvis, as you know, and is connected to each kidney by a long tube called the ureter – one on each side. The ureters carry the urine from the kidneys to the bladder, where it is sored until you decide to empty your bladder. When that happens, the urine passes down another tube, called urethra, to the outside.

EXERCISES

3.1	Label the diagram using words from the box. Look at B opposite to help you. diaphragm lung lobes airways windpipe bronchioles heart
3.2	Match the conditions (1-8) with the organs affected (a-h), using your medical knowledge. 1 hepatitis a bladder 2 pneumonia b gall bladder 3 nephritis c heart 4 gastric ulcer d kidney 5 cystitis e liver 6 angina pectoris f lung 7 cholecystitis g stomach 8 ulcerative colitis h large bowel
3.3	Complete the textbook extract. Look at A and C opposite to help you EXAMINATION OF THE ABDOMEN To examine the patient for enlarged abdominal (1) __________, first feel for the (2) __________ and the (3) __________ on the right side. To do this, ask the patient to take a deep breath, while pressing with the fingers upwards and inwards. Next, feel for the right (4) __________ and then cross over the other side for the left (5) __________. Still on the left side, palpate for an enlarged (6) __________. Finally, moving the lower abdomen, feel for the (8) __________ which is only felt if it is full.

ANSWER KEY