14. PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST 2 (I have done and I did) ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE FOR INTERMEDIATE

ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE FOR INTERMEDIATE

14. PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST 2 (I have done and I did)

A

Do not use the present perfect (I have done) when you talk about a finished time (for example, yesterday /ten minutes ago/in 2005/when I was a child). Use a past tense: ·         It was very cold yesterday. (not has been) ·         Paul and Lucy arrived ten minutes ago. (not have arrived) ·         Did you eat a lot of sweets when you were a child? (not have you eaten) ·         I got home late last night. I was very tired and went straight to bed. Use the past to ask When ... ? or What time ... ?: ·         When did your friends arrive? (not have ... arrived) ·         What time did you finish work? Compare Present Perfect Past simple ·         Tom has lost his key. He can't get into the house. ·         Is Carla here or has she left? ·         Tom lost his key yesterday. He couldn’t get into the house. ·         When did Carla leave ?

B

Compare Present Perfect Past simple Present perfect (have done) ·         I've done a lot of work today. We use the present perfect for a period of time that continues until now. For example: today / this week / since 2007. ·         It hasn't rained this week. ·         Have you seen Anna this morning? (it is still morning) ·         Have you seen Tim recently? ·         I don't know where Lisa is. I haven't seen her. (= I haven't seen her recently) ·         We've been waiting for an hour. (we are still waiting now) ·         Jack lives in Los Angeles. He has lived there for seven years. ·         I have never played golf. (in my life) ·         It's the last day of your holiday. You say: It's been a really good holiday. I've really enjoyed it. Past simple (did) ·         I did a lot of work yesterday. We use the past simple for a finished time in the past. For example: yesterday /last week /from 2007 to 2010. ·         It didn't rain last week. ·         Did you see Anna this morning? (it is now afternoon or evening) ·         Did you see Tim on Sunday? ·         A: Was Lisa at the party on Sunday? B: I don't think so. I didn't see her. ·         We waited (or were waiting) for an hour. (we are no longer waiting) ·         Jack lived in New York for ten years. Now he lives in Los Angeles. ·         I didn't play golf last summer. ·         After you come back from holiday you say: It was a really good holiday. I really enjoyed it.

EXERCISES

14.1	Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct them where necessary. 1 I've lost my key. I can’t find it anywhere. OK 2 Have you eaten a lot of sweets when you were a child? Did you eat 3 I've bought a new car. You must come and see it. ___________ 4 I've bought a new car last week. ___________ 5 Where have you been yesterday evening? ___________ 6 Lucy has left school in 1999. ___________ 7 I'm looking for Mike. Have you seen him? ___________ 8 'Have you been to Paris?, 'Yes, many times.' ___________ 9 I’m very hungry. I haven’t eaten much today. ___________ 10 When has this book been published? ___________
14.2	Make sentences from the words in brackets. Use the present perfect or past simple. 1 (it/not /rain /this week) It hasn’t rained this week. 2 (the weather /be /cold /recently) The weather________________________ 3 (it /cold /last week) It_________________________________ 4 (I /not /read /a newspaper yesterday) I_________________________________ 5 (I /not /read /a newspaper today) _________________________________ 6 (Emily /earn /a lot of money /this year) _________________________________ 7 (she /not /earn /so much /last year) _________________________________ 8 (you /have /a holiday recently?) _________________________________
14.3	Put the verb into the correct form, present perfect or past simple. 1 'What’s Madrid like? 'I don’t know._____ I haven’t been____(I / not /be) there.' 2 When ___________ (I /get) home last night, __________ (I /be) very tired and _____ (I /go) straight to bed. 3 A: _______________ (you /see) Lisa recently? B: Yes, _____________ (I /saw) her a few days ago. 4 I’m tired. _______________ (1 /not /sleep) well last night. 5 The bus drivers were on strike last week. __________ (there /be) no buses. 6 Mr Lee _________ (work) in a bank for 15 years. Then ___________ (he /give) it up. Now he works as a gardener. 7 Mary lives in Dublin. _______________. (she /live) there all her life. 8 A: _______________ (you /go) to the cinema last night? B: Yes, but ______________ (it /be) a mistake. The film __________ (be) awful. 9 My grandfather __________ (die) before I was born. ___________ (1 /never I meet) him. 10 I don't know Karen's husband. ______________ (I /never /meet) him. 11 Ifs nearly lunchtime, and ______________. (I /not /see) Martin all morning. I wonder where he is. 12 'Where do you live?, 'In Boston.' 'How long ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­_________________. (you /live) there?' 'Five years.' 'Where ____________ (you /live) before that?' 'In Chicago., 'And how long ___________ (you I live) in Chicago?' 'Two years.'
14.4	Write sentences about yourself using the ideas in brackets. 1 (something you haven't done today) I haven’t eaten any fruit today 2 (something you haven’t done today) _______________________________ 3 (something you didn’t do yesterday) _______________________________ 4 (something you did yesterday evening) _______________________________ 5 (something you haven't done recently) _______________________________ 6 (something you've done a lot recently) _______________________________

ANSWER KEY

UNIT 14 14.1 3 OK 4 I bought 5 Where were you 6 Lucy left school 7 OK 8 OK 9 OK 10 When was this book published ? 14.2 2 The weather has been cold recently. 3 lt was cold last week. 4 I didn't read a newspaper yesterday. 5 I haven't read a newspaper today. 6 Emily has earned a lot of money this year. 7 She didn't earn so much last year. 8 Have you had a holiday recently? 14.3 2 I got ... I was ... I went 3 Have you seen ... I saw 4 I didn't sleep 5 There were 6 worked ... he gave 7 She's lived I She has lived 8 Did you go ... it was ... was 9 died ... I never met 10 I've never met I I have never met 11 I haven't seen 12 have you lived or have you been living .. . did you live ... did you live 14.4 Example answers: 2 I haven't bought anything today. 3 I didn't watch TV yesterday. 4 I went out with some friends yesterday evening. 5 I haven't been to the cinema recently. 6 I've read a lot of books recently.