THE HEINEMANN TOEFL COURSE PRACTICE TEST 4 READING PART 3 (Questions 19-28)

THE HEINEMANN TOEFL COURSE

PRACTICE TEST 4

READING

PART 3 (Questions 19-28)

line 5 Most human diets contain between 10 and 15 percent of their total calories as protein. The rest of the dietary energy conies from carbohydrates, fats, and in some people, alcohol. The proportion of calories from fats varies from 10 percent in poor communities to 40 percent or more in rich communities. In addition to providing energy, fats have several other functions in the body. line 10 The fat-soluble vitamins, A, D, E, and K, are dissolved in fats, as their name implies. Good sources of these vitamins have high oil or fat content, and the vitamins are stored in the body's fatty tissues. In the diet, fats cause food to remain longer in the stomach, thus increasing the feeling of fullness for some time after a meal is eaten. Fats add variety, taste, and texture to foods, which accounts for the line 15 popularity of fried foods. Fatty deposits in the body have an insulating and protective value. The curves of the human female body are due mostly to strategically located fat deposits. Whether a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is not definitely known. When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases, line 20 their skin becomes inflamed and scaly, and their reproductive systems are damaged. Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, prevent these abnormalities and hence are called essential fatty acids. They also are required by a number of other animals, but their roles in human beings are debatable. Most nutritionists consider linoleic fatty acid an essential nutrient for humans. 19 This passage probably appeared in which of the following? A diet book  A book on basic nutrition A cookbook A popular women's magazine B C D 20 We can infer from the passage that all of the following statements about fats are true EXCEPT A fats provide energy for the body economics influences the distribution of calorie intake poor people eat more fatty foods alcohol is not a common source of dietary energy B C D 21 The word "functions" in line 5 is closest in meaning to A forms needs  jobs    sources B C D 22 The phrase "stored in" in line 8 is closest in meaning to A manufactured in attached to measured by    accumulated in B C D 23 The author states that fats serve all of the following body functions EXCEPT to A promote a feeling of fullness insulate and protect the body provide energy   control weight gain B C D 24 The word "essential" in line 14 is closest in meaning to A required for desired for detrimental to beneficial to B C D 25 According to the author of the passage, which of the following is true for rats when they are fed a fat free diet? A They stop growing. They have more babies.  They lose body hair. They require less care. B C D
	26	Linoleic fatty acid is mentioned in the passage as
		A	an essential nutrient for humans more useful than arachidonic acid preventing weight gain in rats a nutrient found in most foods
		B
		C
		D
	27	The phrase "these abnormalities" in lines 17-18 refers to
		A	a condition caused by fried foods strategically located fat deposits curves on the human female body  cessation of growth, bad skin, and damaged reproductive systems
		B
		C
		D
	28	That humans should all have some fat in our diets is, according to the author,
		A	a commonly held view    not yet a proven fact only true for women    proven to be true by experiments on rats
		B
		C
		D

ANSWER KEY

19. B   The correct answer is (B) because the whole passage refers in a fairly technical way to fats and the function of fats in the body, a topic related to the field of nutrition. lines 19-20 conclude with a reference to nutrients and nutritionists. The other answer choices are incorrect because: (A) and (C) the passage gives more information about fats than would be of use to a reader of a diet book or of a cookbook; (D) the information on fats is too formal and specific to be found in a popular women's magazine. 20. C   The correct answer is (C) because the passage does not state that poor people eat fatty foods. Answers (A), (B), and (D) are true according to statements in the first paragraph. 21. C   The immediate context of "functions" is In addition to providing energy, fats have several other functions in the body; we know from this that one function of fats is to provide energy, In the sentences that follow we read about other functions of fa.ts:fats cause food to remain longer in the stomach,... (lines 8-9); fats add variety, taste, and texture to foods... (line 10). It can be inferred from this information that "functions" means what fats do in the body. The best answer choice in this context is (C) jobs. 22. D   In the sentence Good sources of these vitamins have high oil or fat content, and the vitamins are stored in the body's fatty tissues, we infer that fatty tissues are a place where vitamins are deposited within the body. Therefore, answer choice (D) accumulated, best represents this concept. 23. D   The correct answer is (D), which is not mentioned in the passage. Other answer choices are mentioned in the passage as functions that fats serve: (A) in lines 8-9; (B) in lines 11-12; and (C) in line 5. 24. A   The information in the sentences which follow the immediate context of "essential" (line 14) describes the abnormalities that occur in rats when there is not enough fat in their diets. We infer that a certain amount of fat is necessary for good health. Therefore, answer choice (A) required for is correct. 25. A   The correct answer (A) is found in line 15: When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases .... The other answer choices are not mentioned in the passage. 26. A   The correct answer (A) is found in lines 19-20: Most nutritionists consider linoleic fatty acid an essential nutrient for humans. The other answer choices are not true according to the passage. 27. D   The phrase "these abnormalities" refers to the noun phrases in the preceding sentence: ... their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes inflamed and scaly, and their reproductive systems are damaged (lines 15-17). Answer choice (D) is a paraphrase of these conditions. 28. В   The correct answer (B) is found in lines 14-15: Whether a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is not definitely known. This is best restated as not yet a proven fact. (A) and (C) are not mentioned in the passage; (D) is not correct according to lines 18-19.