GRAPHICS AND DESIGN PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH IN USE FOR COMPUTER

 

PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH IN USE FOR COMPUTER 14. GRAPHICS AND DESIGN

 

A   Types of graphics software Computer graphics are pictures created, changed or processed by computers. There are two categories. 1.        Bitmapped graphics represent images as bitmaps; they are stored as pixels and can become a bit distorted when they are manipulated. The density of dots per inch, known as the resolution and expressed in dots per inch, determines how sharp the image is. 2.        Vector graphics represent images as mathematical formulae, so they can be changed or scaled without losing quality. They are ideal for high-resolution output.   There are different types of graphics software: ·         Digital art, or computer art, is done with applets that use mathematical formulae to create beautiful bright shapes called fractals. A fractal is a geometrical figure with special properties, e.g. the Koch snowflake or the Mandelbrot set. Fractals can also be used to model real objects like clouds, coastlines or landscapes. ·         Computer animation uses graphics programs (e.g. digital cartooning systems) to create or edit moving pictures. Each image in a sequence of images is called a ‘frame’. ·         Geographic Information Systems (GIS) allow cartographers to create detailed maps. EXERCISES 14.1 Read A opposite and decide which type of graphics software is best for these users. 1 a person who wants to edit photos at home 2 an economist who wants to present statistics in a form that can be easily understood 3 engineers who need to design the interior and exterior of a new aeroplane 14.2 Complete the sentences with words from the box. wireframe bitmap fractals rendering filters clip-art 1 Painting programs work by giving a colour to each pixel in an image, creating a __________. Unlike vector graphics, the image is single layer, so once something is painted, it becomes part of the whole picture. 2 In painting programs and image editors, __________ are special effects that can be applied to a picture, including drop shadows, textures, distortions, etc. 3 The __________ model is the simplest interpretation of a true three-dimensional object. Here the object is represented by its edges and contours and is therefore similar in form to a normal engineering drawing or sketch. 14.3 Look at the Windows Paint toolbox opposite and find the tools that match these definitions. 1 This is like a magnifying glass which changes your view of a drawing. 2 This brush lets you paint in different shapes and patterns. 3 This is used to draw curves in different thickness.

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