Relationships: ups and downs CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE ADVANCED

CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE ADVANCED

UNIT 12

Relationships: ups and downs

A	Friendship FRIENDSHIP Friends are people who are much more than mere casual acquaintances1. True friends are always there when you need them, as you are for them. We expect loyalty2 from our friends, despite our faults, and should give it in return, never speaking ill of them behind their backs3. As well as having friends and casual acquaintances, we have relationships with colleagues, allies and partners. 1 people you know, but not very well 2 support in good or bad times 3 when they are not there Here are some qualities of friendship and their opposites:
B	Good and bad relationships I used to think of Kate as a friend but I now realise she has been two-faced towards me. [insincere; pleasant with someone and then unpleasant about them behind their back] Russia and America were allies in the war. [countries or people who join together to fight for a common cause] We were business partners but now we’re bitter/arch rivals. [people who own a business together] [people in competition with each other in a negative, aggressive way] Indeed, I could say we are now sworn enemies. [people who will always hate each other] Fergus has been disloyal to me on a number of occasions. OK, I was dishonest with you. I’m sorry, but I didn’t want to hurt you. Sam has been very distant towards me recently. [not friendly, cold] Jamie has always been scrupulously honest in his dealings with us. I would expect complete and unswerving loyalty from a true friend. Monica has always been my staunchest ally at work. I can always rely on her to support me. I was amazed that someone who called herself my friend could be so deeply critical of me.
C	Breakdowns: expressions and collocations Unfortunately, relationships sometimes break down because of genuine misunderstandings. [collapse] [not understanding something correctly] A rift can develop between two people or groups. [serious disagreement that divides people] There’s been a lot of discord in the off ice lately. [disagreement and discontent] My father and I don’t see eye to eye on most things. [have different opinions] Jack and his sister have been on bad terms for a long time. [have a poor relationship] His love affair with Anna has turned sour. I think they’ll split up. [become bad] [separate] Our marriage has had its ups and downs, but basically we’re OK. [had good and bad times] a bumpy relationship [up and down like a car on a road with bumps] a broken home [family split up by divorce] a family feud [/fjuːd/ quarrel in a family causing bad feeling for many years]

EXERCISES

12.1	Give the opposites of these adjectives. 1 loyal 2 truthful 3 honest 4 supportive 5 distant 6 respectful
12.2	Some words in these sentences have been used incorrectly. Rewrite the sentences using the correct word from A. 1 We both own the company: we’re business rivals. 2 I’ve made several casual colleagues since moving to London, but no close friends yet. 3 Were Britain and the USA colleagues in the First World War? 4 The two companies hate each other: they’re acquaintances.
12.3	Fill the gaps with suitable adjectives or adverbs from the opposite page. 1 You need __________ allies at work who won’t let you down. 2 His __________ honesty is a quality I greatly admire. 3 I don’t know why she was so critical of him; it seemed very unfair. 4 Her __________ and __________ loyalty to him was a mistake. He betrayed her in the end. 5 Tom and Amy were __________ rivals at work, but seemed to get on well outside the office. 6 When all my other so-called friends drifted away, Jack always remained a __________ friend to me.
12.4	Fill the gaps with a suitable preposition. 1 I know I’m not perfect, but I’ve never been dishonest __________ you. 2 She’s very critical __________ her colleagues. 3 Why are you always so disloyal __________ me? 4 A true friend would never talk __________ your back. 5 I hate being __________ bad terms __________ people. 6 I realise that people can often be two-faced __________ their boss.
12.5	Rewrite the underlined phrases to give the opposite meaning. 1 Mia and her sister shared the same opinion on a lot of things. 2 Carla’s affection for Andrew has grown stronger lately. I expect they’ll get engaged. 3 Our relationship stayed firm because we were truthful to each other. 4 Henry’s brothers are close friends.
12.6	Use expressions from the opposite page to describe these situations. 1 Harry has phoned – he’s still at the station. He thought I was picking him up and I thought he was getting a taxi. It was a _________________. 2 The kids have been unhappy since their parents divorced. They come from a _________________. 3 Her marriage has been both good and bad at different times. It has _________________. 4 The two union leaders have had a serious disagreement which has split them. A serious_________________. 5 Two of the brothers have not spoken to their other brother for 20 years because of something bad that happened. I think it’s a _________________.

ANSWER KEY

12.1 1 disloyal 2 untruthful 3 dishonest 4 unsupportive 5 friendly 6 disrespectful 12.2 1 We both own the company: we’re business partners. 2 I’ve made several casual acquaintances since moving to London, but no close friends yet. 3 Were Britain and the USA allies in the First World War? 4 The two companies hate each other: they’re (bitter/arch) rivals. 12.3 1 close / staunch 2 scrupulous 3 deeply 4 complete, unswerving 5 bitter / arch 6 true / loyal 12.4 1 with 2 of 3 to 4 behind 5 on, with 6 towards 12.5 1 Mia and her sister didn’t see eye to eye on a lot of things. 2 Carla’s affection for Andrew has turned sour lately. I expect they’ll split up. 3 Our relationship broke down because we were untruthful to each other. 4 Henry’s brothers are sworn enemies. 12.6 1 It was a genuine misunderstanding. 2 They come from a broken home. 3 It has had its ups and downs. 4 A serious rift has developed between the two union leaders. 5 I think it’s a family feud.