At work: careers CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE ADVANCED

CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE ADVANCED

UNIT 7

At work: careers

A	A career in sales When Carl left school, he took the first job he was offered – in telesales1. He thought telemarketing2 sounded quite glamorous but soon found that most of the people he phoned hated cold calling3 and put the phone down when he tried the hard sell4. However, he persevered and found he became quite skilled at persuading customers to part with their money5. He then moved into a job on a TV shopping channel6, where he specialised in selling merchandise7 for the leisure market. He did so well at this that he set up his own sportswear company and hasn’t looked back8 since. 1+ 2 selling or marketing goods and services by phone 3 phoning people who have not requested a call in order to try to sell them something 4 attempt to sell something by being very forceful or persuasive 5 spend money 6 a TV channel devoted to selling products 7 products that are bought and sold 8 has moved forward successfully
B	Buying and selling A person’s purchasing power is the ability they have to buy goods, i.e. the amount of money they have available. If you shop around, you try different companies or shops to see which offers best value. If you want to buy something, you need to find a shop that stocks it. [keeps a supply of it = keeps it in stock] If you trade something up, usually a car or a house, you buy one that is of higher value than the one you had before. (opp. = trade down) People sometimes make a purchasing decision based on brand loyalty. [confidence in that particular make and a tendency always to choose it] Supermarkets sometimes sell an item for less than it costs them in order to attract a lot of people into the shop, where they will also buy more profitable items – the item being sold at a low price is called a loss leader. For a company to sell its products, it has to price them appropriately. [give them a price] If a company finds a niche market, it finds a specialised group of customers with particular interests that that company can meet. If an item is said to come/go under the hammer, it is sold at an auction. [sale of goods or property where people make gradually increasing bids and the item is then sold to the highest bidder]
C	A career in business A few years ago Tina started her own software development business, which turned out to be very lucrative1. However, she got increasingly irritated by all the red tape2 involved in the administration3 of a business and when a larger company contacted her with a proposition4, suggesting a takeover5, she was interested. At first, the two companies could not agree on all the details of the agreement but they managed to reach a compromise6 and hammer out a deal7 without too much delay. In many ways Tina was sad that her company had been swallowed up8 but she has used the money raised by the sale of her capital assets9 to invest in10 a business start-up11: an online holiday property letting agency12. 1 producing a lot of money 2 bureaucracy (negative) 3organisation and arrangement of operations 4formal offer 5agreement in which one company takes control of another one (compare with merger, in which two companies join together to become one company) 6come to an agreement in which both sides reduce their demands a little 7 talk in detail until a business agreement is made 8 taken over by a larger company 9 buildings and machines owned by a company 10 put money into 11 new company 12 a business organising the rental of holiday houses and flats

EXERCISES

7.1	Match the two parts of these business collocations from the opposite page. 1 loss a agency 2 capital b channel 3 purchasing c leader 4 shopping d tape 5 hard e power 6 letting f loyalty 7 brand g assets 8 niche h sell 9 red i market
7.2	Look at A and B opposite. Fill the gaps in these sentences. 1 A world-famous painting will go __________ the hammer in London tomorrow. 2 It’s a sensible idea to shop __________ a bit before buying a computer. 3 Sally made the right decision when she quit her old job and set up her own business – she hasn’t looked __________ since the day it opened. 4 I don’t mind trying a hard sell on a person who has already expressed an interest in our products, but I hate __________ calling. 5 It can be quite hard to persuade my dad to __________ with his money. I’m going to make a __________ for the dining table that is up for auction tomorrow. My current job is in__________ . I spend all the day on the phone. 6 7 8 They produce special clothes for people who practise yoga and have really cornered this __________ market. 9 The shop I went to didn’t __________ the printer I wanted so I’m going to order it online.
7.3	Replace the underlined words with a word or phrase from C with a similar meaning. 1 As their business interests were quite different, it took them a long time to come to an agreement. 2 If you want to go into the import and export business, you had better be prepared for a lot of bureaucracy. 3 At the moment they are discussing the possibility of buying up another company. Sportswear is a very profitable business to be in at the moment. Banks will only lend a new business money if they have a realistic business plan. 4 5 6 A number of small companies have been taken over by that huge multinational in the last six months. 7 Hassan has made a rather interesting suggestion about setting up a business together. 8 Chloe is much better at the creative side of business than the organisation involved in running a company.
7.4	Choose the best word to complete each sentence. 1 I hope we’ll be able to keep / reach a compromise when we meet tomorrow. 2 I think those new games consoles are priced / purchased too high at the moment. 3 The shops are hoping to sell a lot of capital assets / merchandise connected with the royal wedding. 4 My sports car was so expensive to run that I decided to trade it down / up for something much cheaper. 5 Helga has never looked back / out since she started her own business ten years ago. 6 There’s a lot of loss leader / red tape involved in setting up a new business.

ANSWER KEY

7.1 1 c 2 g 3 e 4 b 5 h 6 a 7 f 8 i 9 d 7.2 1 under 2 around 3 back 4 cold 5 part 6 bid 7 telesales 8 niche 9 stock 7.3 1 hammer out a deal / hammer out an agreement 2 red tape 3 a takeover 4 lucrative 5 start-up 6 swallowed up 7 proposition 8 administration 7.4 1 reach 2 priced 3 merchandise 4 down 5 back 6 red tape